Abstract Manager

Vehicle to everything (V2X) technologies and applications represent a large space for innovation within intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Many advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) technologies have been implemented over the last decade with great success. But ADAS technologies have generally relied on sensors within vehicles and have not substantially branched into leveraging support and information derived from V2X and ITS systems. As a result, there are several crash types, including red light running (RLR) that remain unaddressed by ADAS technologies.

This paper introduces a V2X-enabled red light running ADAS as a system that uses signal telemetry forecasts shared over V2X to warn drivers who are approaching a current or impending red light at an excessive speed. The core technologies supporting this system already exist and the feasibility of integrating them has already been demonstrated in recent pilots, which are reviewed herein.

The main goal of the present paper is to develop an exploratory scientific forecast of the potential safety benefits of such a system for different vehicle classes and ADAS warning modalities. The forecasting approach leverages empirical data on driver red light running intentionality and ADAS response rates gathered from a variety of relevant naturalistic driving studies to identify a subset of RLR crashes that are likely to be prevented by the proposed ADAS. The estimates are first developed for the United States where supporting empirical data is more available, and then a framework is given for transferring these estimates to other locations such as Canada.

The paper finds that up to 855 RLR fatalities per year in the United States could be prevented by such an ADAS, which is 70% of the current total number of RLR fatalities. The paper additionally finds that 53 truck-involved RLR fatalities per year could be prevented by retrofitting fleets with the ADAS. The key factors constraining the impact to a ceiling of 70% are documented human response rates to ADAS request to intervene, together with rates of intentional red light running not amenable to treatment by warnings from ADAS. The proportion of the 70% ceiling that will be attained will be determined by fleet penetration, warning modalities selected by auto manufacturers, user disablement rates, and telemetry sharing participation rates.