Submission ID 131844
| Issue/Objective | TB remains a major cause of morbidity among PLHIV, and equitable TB/HIV integration depends on reliable cascade monitoring (screening through treatment and prevention). This analysis aimed to summarize TB/HIV cascade performance among PLHIV on ART and assess whether TB yield differed across 2024, 2025, and Jan-Mar 2026 to support implementation accountability, aligned with CCGH Sub theme 3. |
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| Methodology/Approach | We conducted a secondary analysis of aggregated TB/HIV program data disaggregated by age and sex for 2024, 2025, and Jan-Mar 2026 across four Nigerian states (Kwara, Gombe, Anambra, and Ebonyi). We summarized numbers screened for TB, presumptive TB, tested, diagnosed with active TB, initiated on TB treatment, and initiated on TB preventive treatment (TPT). We calculated presumptive TB rate, TB yield among those tested (active TB/tested), and TB treatment coverage (treatment initiated/active TB). Differences in TB yield across periods were assessed using a chi square test. |
| Results | Across 2024-Mar 2026, 705,736 PLHIV on ART were screened for TB; 7,625 had presumptive TB; 6,628 were tested; and 1,619 had active TB. A total of 1,770 were reported to have initiated TB treatment. Overall presumptive TB rate was 1.08% and TB yield among those tested was 24.43%. TB yield by period was 23.56% (2024), 24.99% (2025), and 25.92% (Jan-Mar 2026), with no significant difference (χ²=2.589, p=0.274). Reported TB treatment coverage exceeded 100% in 2024 (121.8%) and overall (109.3%), suggesting timing/reporting misalignment between diagnosis and treatment initiation. Reported TPT initiation increased across periods (46,685 in 2024; 1,086,023 in 2025; 298,951 in Jan-Mar 2026). |
| Discussion/Conclusion | Although TB yield among those tested was stable, routine reporting indicates accountability signals (treatment initiation exceeding diagnosed TB and unusually high reported TPT initiation) that could mask missed opportunities for equitable care. Programs should implement cohort-based reconciliation of diagnosis to treatment initiation and TPT reporting, and pair cascade monitoring with data quality verification to strengthen system accountability and guide scale up. |
| Presenters and Affiliations | Charity Sanni Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Stella Ijioma Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Joseph Ozigbo Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Kazeem Ayodeji Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Miriam Bathnna Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Veronica Ajuka-Patrick Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Chioma Ofoegbu Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Temitope Adetiba Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Adebayo Opeyemi Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Evaezi Okpokoro Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Olayemi Olupitan Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Aderonke Agbaje Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Temitope Ilori National Agency for the Control of Aids, Nigeria Urioku Ochuko National Tuberculosis & Leprosy Control Program ,Nigeria Patrick Dakum Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria Margaret Zamzu The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Global Health Campus, Geneva, Switzerland |
