Submission ID 131552
| Issue/Objective | Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are the leading causes of death from infectious diseases globally, with incidence of TB/HIV infection affecting 660,000 individuals and 24% mortality in individuals with TB and HIV. The dual infection is predominant in Lower- and middle-income countries with an adverse impact on maternal, child, and adolescent morbidity and mortality. Understanding the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients is crucial in developing strategies for effective public health intervention. We aim to describe the profile of TB/HIV co-infected patients at a single tertiary facility. |
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| Methodology/Approach | We conducted a ten (10) year retrospective data review at the TB/HIV clinic of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Kumasi, Ghana, from January 2011 to December 2020. Data from the facility TB register was entered into a database designed with Microsoft Office Access and exported into STATA for statistical analysis. Records with incomplete outcomes were excluded from the analysis. |
| Results | A total of 1,306 patients were enrolled at the clinic over the study period. More than half were female (54.67%, n=714). The median age was 38 years (27 - 46). The highest infection rate (26.34%, n=344) was observed among persons aged 31 - 40 years. The majority (86.22%, n=112) of the patients were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, while 13.78% (n=180) were diagnosed with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Among patients with pulmonary TB, approximately 16.34% (n=184) were sputum smear positive. For extra-pulmonary TB, the top three occurrences were as follows: Pleural effusion (13.89%, n=25), Abdominal TB (8.89%, n=16), TB Adenitis (5.56%, n=10), TB of the spine (5.56%, n=10), and (53.89%, n=97) were unspecified. The study recorded a mortality rate of 25% (n=327), whereas treatment success was recorded at 74.96% (n=979). |
| Discussion/Conclusion | Tuberculosis treatment success rate among HIV co-infected patients was generally high. To achieve the 90-90-90 global targets for both HIV and TB. It is essential to intensify efforts at early detection, prompt diagnosis, timely initiation of treatment, and integration of TB/HIV services into primary healthcare facilities. |
| Presenters and Affiliations | Nicholas Mensah Karikari Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Francis Osei Adjei Kwame Nkrumah University Science and Technology Samuel Odoom Frimpong National Health Insurance Authority Charles Martyn-Dickens Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Diana Adutwumwaa Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital |
