| Issue/Objective |
In 2024, Rwanda experienced its first outbreak of Marburg Virus Disease (MVD), a highly fatal hemorrhagic infection with significant epidemic potential. The outbreak exposed vulnerabilities in early detection, infection prevention and control (IPC), and coordination across multiple stakeholders while also demonstrating the importance of rapid, coordinated response systems. This study examines the role of Africa CDC in supporting Rwanda's national response and identifies key lessons for strengthening regional and global health security. It aligns with the conference theme by highlighting how coordinated, equity-oriented approaches can restore effective action in fragmented global health systems. |
| Methodology/Approach |
A descriptive case study design was used to analyze the 2024 MVD outbreak response in Rwanda over an 85-day period. Data were drawn from operational reports, response documentation, and partner coordination records. The analysis focused on five core response pillars: laboratory and genomic surveillance, disease surveillance, cross-border preparedness, IPC, and risk communication and community engagement (RCCE). Contributions of Africa CDC and national stakeholders were assessed to identify implementation strategies, coordination mechanisms, and system-level gaps. |
| Results |
The outbreak resulted in 66 confirmed cases and 15 deaths (case fatality rate: 22.7%), with a 77% survival rate. Transmission was interrupted within 85 days. Africa CDC deployed multidisciplinary teams, supported over 5,000 diagnostic tests, trained more than 500 health workers, and strengthened surveillance and IPC systems. Key successes included rapid capacity building, effective community engagement, and strong national leadership. However, challenges included delayed initial detection, IPC weaknesses in healthcare settings, coordination inefficiencies among partners, and reliance on externally procured medical supplies. |
| Discussion/Conclusion |
Rwanda's experience demonstrates that strong national leadership, supported by coordinated regional and international collaboration, is critical for effective outbreak containment. However, achieving sustainable health equity requires addressing systemic gaps, including workforce capacity, domestic financing, and supply chain resilience. Institutionalizing unified coordination frameworks and investing in local capacity are essential for scaling preparedness. These findings contribute to Sub-theme 3 by translating operational lessons into actionable strategies that strengthen accountability, resilience, and equitable health security systems. |
| Presenters and Affiliations |
Gashaija Absolomon Centre for Impact, Innovation and Capacity building for Health Information Systems and Nutrition (CI |
