Submission ID 118580
| Issue/Objective | Knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) questionnaires face challenges when used for vector-borne diseases. The use of a scoring system and behavioral theory frameworks to analyze their results improves interpretation, although this is not often done. Furthermore, KAP questionnaires present diverse results, and it's unclear if the results reflect the actual behaviors of the studied population. Thus, this scoping review aimed to explore the use of KAP questionnaires on dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. We examined questionnaire validation, KAP score development, correlation between KAP domains, and the use of theoretical frameworks of behavior in the analysis. |
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| Methodology/Approach | A protocol was developed following PRISMA and Arksey and O'Malley's methodology. The concepts of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever were used along with KAP questionnaires in eight databases: Medline, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and Lilacs. Quantitative and mixed studies in English, French, and Spanish were included. Two reviewers performed the selection by title and abstract, and are performing the full text, including articles with the general population in endemic settings and with the complete questionnaire available. A third reviewer is involved in case of persistent conflicts. |
| Results | Of the 5476 articles found, only 41 have met the inclusion criteria until now. 80% are about dengue, followed by three of the arboviruses evaluated at the same time in 10%, Zika (6%), and yellow fever (3%). Asia accounted for 56% of the studies. Thirty questions were the average number of items for KAP questionnaires. Only 50% submitted validation measures, and 40% created a score for each domain. The scores are based on incorrect/correct answers in 80% of the studies. Only 10% of the studies used a behavior change framework in survey development or analysis. |
| Discussion/Conclusion | The questionnaires are heterogeneous in design and scoring. Their lack of alignment with the theory of planned behavior limits the results' interpretation in terms of the process that motivates or hinders the adoption of preventive measures. It is crucial to go beyond what the population knows or believes; we need to understand why people behave in a certain way and what the dynamics behind it are. |
| Presenters and affiliations | Claudia Robayo École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal Daniel Szaroz École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal Bouchra Nasri École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal Kate Zinszer École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal |
