Submission ID 118552
| Issue/Objective | Many risks threaten global health security and this includes both present and emerging risks. Threats such as pandemics antimicrobial resistance, and infectious and noncommunicable diseases. To mitigate these, innovative solutions are needed to scale up early detection, prevention, and methods of response/care. AI is fast becoming a tool creating positive change in public health by carrying out predictive analysis, systematic and ongoing surveillance, and making treatment options that may be personalized to individual needs. This systematic review explores the role of AI in addressing global health threats, highlighting its contributions, challenges, and lessons learned. |
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| Methodology/Approach | This paper is a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from 2015 to 2024. It was conducted to examine AI applications in crises on a global health level. It focuses on AI-driven disease modeling, diagnostic tools, outbreak surveillance, and healthcare resource optimization. It is to be noted that AI has improved early systems warning signs by carrying out large-scale analysis of epidemiological data, improving disease prevention, detection, and diagnosis aiding in treatment planning. In addition, AI-powered chatbots and other platforms have increased healthcare access most notably amongst migrant populations and especially in low-resource settings. |
| Results | This review revealed that AI has the potential to address healthcare and system challenges quickly, improving the decision-making and response processes, especially during health crises. Conversely, in countries that have limited data protection structures, there exist concerns regarding data privacy and biases that are not contextually suitable, restricting AI's potential. The successful implementation of AI integration in global public health needs up-to-date frameworks regulating ethical AI policies and collaborations. |
| Discussion/Conclusion | AI plays a key role in strengthening systems facing global health threats, but its effectiveness depends on how it is deployed ethically, the data collection process, and accessibility. Maximizing the positives of global partnerships and fostering AI literacy in healthcare systems are needed to make the most of its impact on the system. More research should focus on increasing transparency in the use of AI ensuring biases are addressed and increasing AI-driven innovations in regions not well represented. |
| Presenters and affiliations | Esther Oduyingbo Africa Hub for Innovation and Development Adedamola Bafuwa Africa Hub for Innovation and Development Hafsah Abdulsalaam Africa Hub for Innovation and Development |
